This chapter documents the many remarkable minds and concepts that Mandelbrot encountered in his studies, all while he was searching for a remarkable topic to develop fully as his own.  His self reflection while wandering in a field of geniuses makes for great reading.

Best Quote(s)

“But freedom of choice was a negative asset; it set me on a wide sea without sufficient guidance.” Location 1762

Mandlebrot has succeeded and is at the top of the pecking order in France with his success at Polytechnique – and that success has brought freedom.  Freedom after the travails of WW2 is paralyzing and gives too much freedom to operate.

“I wanted to feel the excitement of being the first to find a degree of order in some real, concrete, and complex area where everyone else saw a lawless mess.” Location 1767

Mandlebrot curtails his immense freedoms by teasing out a personal and professional goal – and an audacious one at that.  This ‘Keplerian’ dream that he has outlined is bold and big.  In his autobiography, written later in life, he starts to see visions of this goal early.  As the reader, I wonder how much he felt early in life, and how much he portrayed backwards as he enjoyed success in later years.  Mandelbrot allows us to feel this mystery along with him without forcing the development of fractals as predetermined.

Page by Page, Location by Location

1762

“But freedom of choice was a negative asset; it set me on a wide sea without sufficient guidance.”

1767

“I wanted to feel the excitement of being the first to find a degree of order in some real, concrete, and complex area where everyone else saw a lawless mess. Of bringing to a field the element of rational mathematical structure that Kepler had brought to physics several centuries before. But that Keplerian dream remained stuck in a holding pattern. I was aware that the next step after Carva was going to be hard.”

1767

“Roger Brard (1907–77). A naval engineer,”

1778

“But I had a desperate need for someone with broad down-to-earth experience to help me carve a path. Brard was friendly and, to my surprise, made himself available.”

1784

“I viewed aeronautics not as my final field of work but as the best available path toward reaching my Keplerian dream.”

1795

“Their fathers—far more prosperous and worldly than mine—had also insisted that their sons study chemical engineering.”

1801

“Its four propeller-driven engines could not reach Los Angeles without a stop halfway at the TWA hub in St. Louis.”

1817

““Was that preacher any good?” His medical diagnosis was that my eyes were fine except for being overly sensitive to the smog. “What is smog?”

1828

“All too many of the stars who had made the older catalog so attractive were gone.”

1849

“Fluid mechanics as a whole had become an extremely competitive and “mature” field that was growing slowly and splitting.”

“Pure mathematicians and physicists had little to contribute, so it was left to engineers.”

1855

“Ivory tower theoreticians agonized in one world, and adventurers in another made immense amounts of money to fly unproven rocket-powered contraptions that might or might not take off, fly, or land safely.”

1861

“What is the cause and nature of turbulence?” was Fermi’s response.

1866

“Later, the theory of chaos contributed to fluid dynamics and brought me back to it for an important effort: developing a concept called multifractals.”

1894

“… evidence that airplane design has been since 1947 a “mature” field. Spending a lifetime on such details would have been a dreadful experience, and did not tempt me at any point.”

1905

“We always felt in tune but did not see each other often enough. A splendid man.”

Gossamer Condor, Paul MacCready (1925–2007),

1916

“I think you should not start on a Ph.D. with me because you don’t admire me enough.”

1947

“Max Delbrück (1906–81). ….” The father of molecular biology.

1953

“Eventually, molecular biology merged with biochemistry, and genomics took it to an industrial stage. Today’s practitioners complain of it being viewed as a mature field. But in 1949, nothing was further…”

“After the ordeal ended, he relaxed in his chair and, in a completely different tone of voice, concluded, “It was a very nice lecture. I learned a great deal.”

1986

“Theory of Games and Economic Behavior by John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern.”

Chapter 1 Highlights

Mandelbrot’s book tells the story in a fractal nature – bouncing big and small and returning to reinforce important topics.  From this first family photo Mandelbrot introduces us to the adults that shaped his young life, helped him survive World War II, and put him in position to excel when life provided him with options.  What a family!

Best Quote(s)

“As observed by a writer native to that part of Europe, Woe to the poet born in an interesting piece of geography in a violent time.”

Mandelbrot’s fractals visual replication of geographic features – coast lines and elevations, was one of the first clear victories of the new field.  Mandelbrot’s life would move about the globe, making big leaps and small.

“Other war survivors describe being in a herd on the way to the death camps, noticing a way out, and taking it instantly. That is the kind of man Father was.”

Little opportunities lead to big changes.  Mandelbrot’s family would face many opportunities where following the herd would have led to a very different life – or even death.  Instead, they found the way out.

“They never shouted at each other but argued constantly about strategy, and they taught me very early that before taking big risks, one must carefully figure the odds.”

Discussion of risks helps mitigate risks.  Identify risks, then address them.

“Like many social customs, it could be defied, but at a cost: not being part of a system of patronage that is pervasive in intellectual and professional groups.”

Mandelbrot’s career would lack the rudder of mentorship – but he made up for it by staying focused on finding a larger calling and harnessing his intellectual capabilities and breadth of interests with hard work.

Chapter 2 Highlights

Warsaw shaped Mandelbrot as his first home, site of his early education and as a way of life that would be completely erased.  His family focused on staying alive and ahead of the Nazi advance at a time when others who were less urgent were murdered.

Best Quote(s)

“For these and other truly unavoidable reasons, Polish history from 1919 to 1939 was rough.”

Rough – just like the fractals that Mandelbrot invented.

“Since diversity cannot be avoided, one may as well like it (as I came to) or at least learn to live with it.”

This is a delightfully modern approach to diversity that is all too common in more integrated, international cultures.

“Before everything they had dreaded became horribly concrete in Poland, my parents’ bold scheme had worked.” Chapter 2, Location 659

His parents craft successful strategies again and again, allowing their family to survive and innovate on behalf of mankind.

“Of the people we knew, we alone moved to France and survived. Most procrastinated—until times turned awful. Only two Warsaw friends survived:…” Chapter 2, Location 663

The eradication of this world is frightening and it pervades Mandelbrot’s view of the world for the rest of his life.  How could it not?

“Others had been detained by their precious china, or inability to sell their Bösendorfer concert grand piano, or unwillingness to abandon the park view from their windows. Mother was horrified by their stories but listened stone-faced.” Chapter 2, Location 668

When the Mandelbrot family needed to act, they did so – unencumbered by the weight of their past.  They moved with focus to achieve their goal, survival.

Chapter 3 Highlights

Pages – ; Locations 675 – 860

Mandelbrot’s youth is about promise and his family’s focus on survival.  In Chapter 3 we find our young student in France with a need to exceed in education, but with the reader knowing that war and atrocity lie in his future.

Best Quote(s)

“By pulling up their deep roots in a community that only a few years later vanished in smoke, my lucid and decisive parents saved us all and earned the utmost gratitude.” Chapter 3, Location 681

Chapter two told us of the wonderful upbringing, education and life lessons that Mandelbrot experienced in Poland – all of which were wiped away with the Nazi invasion and Holocaust.  The lessons of his parents’ focus on survival is repeated throughout the book.

“Each time I recall that successful exam, my heart rejoices. Lady Luck is blind and needs assistance. In 1936, my parents assisted by moving out of Poland. In 1937, I was called to assist—and I did.”  Chapter 3, Location 795

From Mandelbrot’s mind, “My parents kept us alive – and to make the most of it I had to nail that test.  What fortune!”

“A belated benefit from my years of Latin is that they helped me correctly coin new words—like “fractal.”” Chapter 3, Location 833

Mandelbrot’s writing follows his study of roughness – we know where the story is going, and still the book plays out like a mystery.  We know the ending – otherwise who would read this autobiography?  Throughout he foreshadows his contribution to science and math.

Chapter 4 Highlights

Mandelbrot’s family continues to survive as the violence of World War II escalates.  Hard work provides a way out.  Luck breaks for the family again.

Best Quote(s)

“Xenophobia lost, meritocracy won, and she deliberately misplaced my family’s files.” Chapter 4, Location 879

The family survived many challenging times in WW2 – and they did so with some lucky breaks and a commitment to hard work.

“When I was nearing forty, my work became devoted to the phenomenon called intermittence, present in both nature and the financial markets.” Chapter 4, Location 885

Again, we see Mandelbrot foreshadowing his focus on fractals and the study of roughness.

“The final examination included two very easy problems, which I saw instantly to be a single problem stated in two different ways. Apparently, few students noticed.” Chapter 4, Location 1030

Mandelbrot manages to describe his academic and scientific prowess directly without boasting – that is a communication skill to envy.

Chapter 5 Highlights

Mandelbrot continued to excel in his studies despite the oppression of the Nazi occupation of France.  He studied shapes, and used the basic of geometry in novel ways to solve problems more fitting for older students.

Best Quote(s)

“True to our antiherding instinct, our family decided it was best to split up: the boys on their own, and the parents on theirs.” Chapter 5, Location 1068

It is remarkable that parents would make this decision – it had to have been agonizing.  And it was the right one.

“Not unlike sports, the bulk of training consisted of mastering a single but extremely arcane gesture.” Chapter 5, Location 1079

When brilliant minds comment on sport and athletics, the observations are always fascinating.

“Oradour-sur-Glane is a little town where the Waffen SS committed a horrible massacre in 1944, herding 642 villagers into a church and setting it on fire.” Chapter 5, Location 1118

Referring back to the family decision by the Mandelbrot’s to split up – the acts of violence by the Nazis defy the civility of modern life.  As we will see in a later chapter, the Mandelbrot decision saved the lives of their children.

“In a way, I was learning to cheat.”  Chapter 5, Location 1197

By learning to think in shapes, Mandelbrot would teach himself ways to think that even he considered cheating.  His life’s great accomplishment is taking that way of thinking, using it to study roughness and sharing it with the rest of humanity.

Chapter 6 Highlights

Mandelbrot deploys his genius in order to help an aristocrat maintain the family horse farm while a war rages in the background.  Carnegie uses animals to endear the reader to people – and the olfactory descriptions of a young Dr. Mandelbrot amidst equestrians is powerful imagery.

Best Quote(s)

“Nobody ever listens to me, but you did. And you remembered everything. You can’t be altogether bad.” Chapter 6, Location 1242

Mandelbrot takes a page out of the Carnegie playbook from How to Win Friends and Influence People.

“Horse owning Gentry thought Germany would win, “I cajoled them, first to listen to Swiss radio in French, then to France Libre in London.”” Chapter 6, Location 1298

From a persuasion standpoint, Mandelbrot was pacing his gentrified hosts to understand there were more possibilities about what might happen with the war.

Chapter 7 Highlights 

Locations 1312 – 1347

We wrap up the first part of Mandelbrot’s life – with a wonderful preview of the 2nd and third parts.  The family made a bold bet to split up, and it was truly necessary based on the gruesome description of French resistance youths meeting their death hanging from street lamps.

Best Quote(s)

“The bold plan our parents had devised—bless their hard-won survivor skills—had let them and their sons cope with events separately. This bet, the riskiest of our complicated lives, worked better than any realist could have hoped.” Chapter 7, Location 1335

The plan had worked, all four were alive – while other families in similar situations were never to meet again.

“During this second, twelve-year stage of my life, I was not going to manage elegantly—as will be seen. So, in time, I deliberately provoked a belated third stage.” Chapter 7, Location 1347

Mandelbrot’s self reflection is impressive.

Locations 1312 – 1347

We wrap up the first part of Mandelbrot’s life – with a wonderful preview of the 2nd and third parts.  The family made a bold bet to split up, and it was truly necessary based on the gruesome description of French resistance youths meeting their death hanging from street lamps.

Best Quote(s)

“The bold plan our parents had devised—bless their hard-won survivor skills—had let them and their sons cope with events separately. This bet, the riskiest of our complicated lives, worked better than any realist could have hoped.” Chapter 7, Location 1335

The plan had worked, all four were alive – while other families in similar situations were never to meet again.

“During this second, twelve-year stage of my life, I was not going to manage elegantly—as will be seen. So, in time, I deliberately provoked a belated third stage.” Chapter 7, Location 1347

Mandelbrot’s self reflection is impressive.

Page by Page, Screen by Screen, Swipe by Swipe

1317

“After just barely escaping the coming horrors in Poland, I had managed to survive the occupation of France, with its periods of astonishing “normality” alternating with hair-raising episodes.”

1329

“Deliriously happy family reunion with no one missing!”

“…the occupying forces that smashed Oradour also hanged nearly a hundred young people from lampposts and balconies of a square right next to where we lived. One victim had been a classmate. Both of his parents were schoolteachers. Nice, brilliant, and all too secure, he was often heard expounding in a loud voice classic left-wing ideas that I would not have dared even whisper.” Chapter 7, Location 1329

All of the fears that Mandelbrot’s family had harbored were right.

1335

“The bold plan our parents had devised—bless their hard-won survivor skills—had let them and their sons cope with events separately. This bet, the riskiest of our complicated lives, worked better than any realist could have hoped.” Chapter 7, Location 1335

1347

“During this second, twelve-year stage of my life, I was not going to manage elegantly—as will be seen. So, in time, I deliberately provoked a belated third stage.” Chapter 7, Location 1347

Mandelbrot deploys his genius in order to help an aristocrat maintain the family horse farm while a war rages in the background.  Carnegie uses animals to endear the reader to people – and the olfactory descriptions of a young Dr. Mandelbrot amidst equestrians is powerful imagery.

Best Quote(s)

“Nobody ever listens to me, but you did. And you remembered everything. You can’t be altogether bad.” Chapter 6, Location 1242

Mandelbrot takes a page out of the Carnegie playbook from How to Win Friends and Influence People.

“Horse owning Gentry thought Germany would win, “I cajoled them, first to listen to Swiss radio in French, then to France Libre in London.”” Chapter 6, Location 1298

From a persuasion standpoint, Mandelbrot was pacing his gentrified hosts to understand there were more possibilities about what might happen with the war.

Page by Page

Locations 1226 – 1310

1230

“My boss, a kind old farmer, told me that he was better off without my help. I agreed.”

1242 – 46

“M. de Rivière again became animated: “In 1913, my horse Phoebus won the …” I interrupted and recited the horse’s pedigree without one mistake. “Ça, par exemple! Nobody ever listens to me, but you did. And you remembered everything. You can’t be altogether bad.”

“Jules knows everything about horses,” he said, “and you know nothing. But he is a thief, and you look honest. I take you, and you can continue to eat at the master’s table with us.”

The list of horse names at the farm where Mandelbrot worked:

• Phoebus and the Sun.
• Madelon- draft horse.
• Rêveuse and Respectueuse – breeding mares.
• Union Sacrée,
• Aphrodite and Apollo – the foals

1264

Horses smell…

“Many horses brought together on a muddy field emit a stench—and neighing noises—that I still remember as I write.”

1298

“Horse owning Gentry thought Germany would win, “I cajoled them, first to listen to Swiss radio in French, then to France Libre in London.””

1304

“Incidentally, the patronymic de Gaulle is not aristocratic; in Flemish (the tongue of northern Belgium and France), it means “the horse.”

1310

“One final irony—our horses were either not broken in or too old, so I never learned to ride.”

Mandelbrot continued to excel in his studies despite the oppression of the Nazi occupation of France.  He studied shapes, and used the basic of geometry in novel ways to solve problems more fitting for older students.

Best Quote(s)

“True to our antiherding instinct, our family decided it was best to split up: the boys on their own, and the parents on theirs.” Chapter 5, Location 1068

It is remarkable that parents would make this decision – it had to have been agonizing.  And it was the right one.

“Not unlike sports, the bulk of training consisted of mastering a single but extremely arcane gesture.” Chapter 5, Location 1079

When brilliant minds comment on sport and athletics, the observations are always fascinating.

“Oradour-sur-Glane is a little town where the Waffen SS committed a horrible massacre in 1944, herding 642 villagers into a church and setting it on fire.” Chapter 5, Location 1118

Referring back to the family decision by the Mandelbrot’s to split up – the acts of violence by the Nazis defy the civility of modern life.  As we will see in a later chapter, the Mandelbrot decision saved the lives of their children.

“In a way, I was learning to cheat.”  Chapter 5, Location 1197

By learning to think in shapes, Mandelbrot would teach himself ways to think that even he considered cheating.  His life’s great accomplishment is taking that way of thinking, using it to study roughness and sharing it with the rest of humanity.

Page by Page, Chapter by Chapter

1068

“True to our antiherding instinct, our family decided it was best to split up: the boys on their own, and the parents on theirs.” Chapter 5, Location 1068

1074

“Few aspects of that time give reason for regret, but I forgot the names of the charity and the Angel.”

1079

“Not unlike sports, the bulk of training consisted of mastering a single but extremely arcane gesture.” Chapter 5, Location 1079

1085

“I acquired a lot of self-confidence, and when I became a homeowner, my experience as an apprentice toolmaker in wartime was a boon.”

1096

“My life was filled with potentially deadly situations that called for quick reckonings of odds.”

While in the train station overnight waiting to get back up forged papers after turning down the drink offer of a drunk.

“My life was not smooth.”

1118

Karl Marx Boulevard…

“After the alert, the “rightful” signs were quickly put back.”

“Oradour-sur-Glane is a little town where the Waffen SS committed a horrible massacre in 1944, herding 642 villagers into a church and setting it on fire.” Chapter 5, Location 1118

1136

“How nice to find you here. Do you remember me?”

Life and death at age —

1154

“The Lycée du Parc may be little known, but it is the keystone of the Mandarin system that seventeenth-century Jesuits had imported from China to France.”

1169

“… molding everyone to follow what was officially declared the straightest path to the best career.”

1186

“Learning mathematics from such books made me intimately familiar with a large zoo, collected over centuries, of very specialized shapes of every kind.”

A zoo of shapes. A zoo of constraints.

These shapes gave Mandelbrot a map – he could know his end goal.

1191

“This playful activity transformed impossibly difficult problems into simple ones.”

1197

“In a way, I was learning to cheat.”  Chapter 5, Location 1197

1207

“Both spent long evenings and weekends looking within the exams for old or new problems that I could not instantly “geometrize.” They never succeeded in stumping me.”

Teachers need great students.

1218

Art instructor at the Taupe, “It seems that this is a practical joke—a drawing by a virtual student from the outside. I would love to see the students in the arts program do as well.”

Mandelbrot’s family continues to survive as the violence of World War II escalates.  Hard work provides a way out.  Luck breaks for the family again.

Best Quote(s)

“Xenophobia lost, meritocracy won, and she deliberately misplaced my family’s files.” Chapter 4, Location 879

The family survived many challenging times in WW2 – and they did so with some lucky breaks and a commitment to hard work.

“When I was nearing forty, my work became devoted to the phenomenon called intermittence, present in both nature and the financial markets.” Chapter 4, Location 885

Again, we see Mandelbrot foreshadowing his focus on fractals and the study of roughness.

“The final examination included two very easy problems, which I saw instantly to be a single problem stated in two different ways. Apparently, few students noticed.” Chapter 4, Location 1030

Mandelbrot manages to describe his academic and scientific prowess directly without boasting – that is a communication skill to envy.

Page by Page, Chapter by Chapter

869

874

“We were in the most literal sense saved by devoted friends of Szolem—descendents of hardscrabble farmers and teachers from a village school, who valiantly helped Lady Luck.”

879

“Xenophobia lost, meritocracy won, and she deliberately misplaced my family’s files.” Chapter 4, Location 879

885

“My parents’ systematic efforts at acculturation having worked, Léon and I sounded and looked almost native.”

““Intermittence” is a word for the old quip that army service consists of endless boredom punctuated by scary, irregular, and unpredictable interruptions.”

“When I was nearing forty, my work became devoted to the phenomenon called intermittence, present in both nature and the financial markets.” Chapter 4, Location 885

896

“But after we broke down the wall of distrust, they became the most generous of hosts and helped us survive the war.”

935

“Just before Paris fell in June 1940, my parents joined us—with slim savings, as Father’s business partner had fled with the cash box and the bank balance.”

941

“Eternal thanks.”

958

“We settled there into a life of the most extreme parsimony, managing with a level of ingenuity that my brilliant and resilient parents—rich in experience from previous catastrophes—could contrive when forced into inactivity.”

963

“He was extremely skilled with his hands and the tools he scrounged. Watching and helping him taught me to be handy as well. He read voraciously, always taking notes.”

969

“Mother just shrugged.”

The family China was shattered – she didn’t care, because it wasn’t her priority.

985

“But I wanted to write for an audience that was mixed and not known in advance, so writing skills mattered.” Chapter 4, Location 985

1002

“Invariably, they included masses of illustrations of shapes that later books omitted as a matter of principle.”

Like Tufte…

1013

“I had performed as expected.”

Summa cum laude – 1st in school history.

1019

“I never saw my parents celebrate. They may have never done so, or forgotten how—certainly they did not teach me anything along those lines.”

1030

“The final examination included two very easy problems, which I saw instantly to be a single problem stated in two different ways. Apparently, few students noticed.” Chapter 4, Location 1030

1041

“Sadly, on a bike tour, they stopped for a swim and Laurent watched Martin be killed by a powerboat.”

Tragedy flows throughout Mandelbrot’s book.  It does not determine his fate, but it paints his outlook on the world.

Pages – ; Locations 675 – 860

Mandelbrot’s youth is about promise and his family’s focus on survival.  In Chapter 3 we find our young student in France with a need to exceed in education, but with the reader knowing that war and atrocity lie in his future.

Best Quote(s)

“By pulling up their deep roots in a community that only a few years later vanished in smoke, my lucid and decisive parents saved us all and earned the utmost gratitude.” Chapter 3, Location 681

Chapter two told us of the wonderful upbringing, education and life lessons that Mandelbrot experienced in Poland – all of which were wiped away with the Nazi invasion and Holocaust.  The lessons of his parents’ focus on survival is repeated throughout the book.

“Each time I recall that successful exam, my heart rejoices. Lady Luck is blind and needs assistance. In 1936, my parents assisted by moving out of Poland. In 1937, I was called to assist—and I did.”  Chapter 3, Location 795

From Mandelbrot’s mind, “My parents kept us alive – and to make the most of it I had to nail that test.  What fortune!”

“A belated benefit from my years of Latin is that they helped me correctly coin new words—like “fractal.”” Chapter 3, Location 833

Mandelbrot’s writing follows his study of roughness – we know where the story is going, and still the book plays out like a mystery.  We know the ending – otherwise who would read this autobiography?  Throughout he foreshadows his contribution to science and math.

Page by Page Review

675

“At age fifty she had chosen to be a lonely housewife living in a foreign slum.”

681

“By pulling up their deep roots in a community that only a few years later vanished in smoke, my lucid and decisive parents saved us all and earned the utmost gratitude.”

687

“The small number of horses and the large number of cars made me realize that cars retired in Paris began a new life in Warsaw.”

693

“When Greek and Roman statuary began to be dug out and long-reigning dynasties started collecting great art, the pope chose first, followed by the king of France, then by English, Russian, and German royalty and amateurs.”

699

“The first bicycle (low, wooden, and with no pedals, propelled by feet pushing the road), the first motorcar (a monster powered by steam that arguably inspired the creator of thermodynamics, physicist Sadi Carnot), the first airplane to actually, if very briefly, fly (Clément Ader’s batlike contraption), the first plane to cross the English Channel (Louis Blériot’s)—these and many comparable marvels of human ingenuity were hidden under thick soot in this dark Gothic-era abbatial church.”

704

“Its name, the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM), is old-fashioned but tells it all: here the nation preserves the originals of its greatest practical thinkers’ greatest achievements.”

717

“Who would dare begrudge a man who, compared to his youngest brother, had achieved so little.”

“He must have also felt the need to reintroduce himself to his sons and his wife of twenty years.”

733

“We knew hardly anyone in Paris, so our social life dropped overnight from that of a big extended family to almost nothing.”

754

“Parents and sons were forbidden to speak Polish, and it worked beyond belief.”

765

“Larousse Encyclopédie, together with decades of bound volumes of its updates. In no time, I read them from cover to cover.”

771

“a gold twenty-franc coin used during the reign of Emperor Napoléon III (1852–70). Had the previous tenant taken it along, he might have purchased his survival.”

777

“A classic slum dweller named Repkowski, he was to stay in Paris and vanish during the Holocaust.”

795

“Each time I recall that successful exam, my heart rejoices. Lady Luck is blind and needs assistance. In 1936, my parents assisted by moving out of Poland. In 1937, I was called to assist—and I did.”

818

“…the kinds of people who today would supervise Ph.D. dissertations were teaching eleven-year-olds. They lavished on me far more than any rightful share of their time,…”

833

“A belated benefit from my years of Latin is that they helped me correctly coin new words—like “fractal.””

860

“My parents were trained to hope and work for the best—but also to be ready to manage the worst.”

“I complied, and this is the first time I bring up this episode.”

Frédéric Joliot-Curie (1900–58),

“On another of Szolem’s visits, Father made a point of telling him in my presence that to survive and help his siblings, he had abandoned study and instead he became an apprentice. Must I follow the same path?”

Mandelbrot’s book tells the story in a fractal nature – bouncing big and small and returning to reinforce important topics.  From this first family photo Mandelbrot introduces us to the adults that shaped his young life, helped him survive World War II, and put him in position to excel when life provided him with options.  What a family!

Best Quote(s)

“As observed by a writer native to that part of Europe, Woe to the poet born in an interesting piece of geography in a violent time.”

Mandelbrot’s fractals visual replication of geographic features – coast lines and elevations, was one of the first clear victories of the new field.  Mandelbrot’s life would move about the globe, making big leaps and small.

“Other war survivors describe being in a herd on the way to the death camps, noticing a way out, and taking it instantly. That is the kind of man Father was.”

Little opportunities lead to big changes.  Mandelbrot’s family would face many opportunities where following the herd would have led to a very different life – or even death.  Instead, they found the way out.

“They never shouted at each other but argued constantly about strategy, and they taught me very early that before taking big risks, one must carefully figure the odds.”

Discussion of risks helps mitigate risks.  Identify risks, then address them.

“Like many social customs, it could be defied, but at a cost: not being part of a system of patronage that is pervasive in intellectual and professional groups.”

Mandelbrot’s career would lack the rudder of mentorship – but he made up for it by staying focused on finding a larger calling and harnessing his intellectual capabilities and breadth of interests with hard work.

Page by Page

“As observed by a writer native to that part of Europe, Woe to the poet born in an interesting piece of geography in a violent time.”

“To the contrary, one wanted to sacrifice oneself for science.” The author of these words was my uncle Szolem (1899–1983).”

“On gifted youngsters, this environment bestowed absolutely no feeling of entitlement and offered no encouragement by flattery.”

Mandelbrot was born November 20, 1924.

“At the place of honor to Grandfather’s right sits the most senior guest, Jacques Hadamard (1865–1963).”

Photo is from June 1930.

“He was a lifelong self-improver and an extremely widely read, clear-minded, and scholarly person. He was fascinated with how machines worked and very handy with tools—in wartime, he taught me many tricks.”

“Other war survivors describe being in a herd on the way to the death camps, noticing a way out, and taking it instantly. That is the kind of man Father was.”

Collapse of credit early in his life would lead Mandelbrot back to finacial markets later in life.

“None have been paid because everybody is bankrupt; that is what happened.”

“As Father was fighting his final illness, increasing general prosperity destroyed his niche profession.”

“As confirmed by several cousins of Mother who scattered around the world, he pioneered by insisting that all his granddaughters become doctors.”

“Mother was the kind of person who witnessed her world collapse around her six times, regained her composure in no time, and soon resumed full steam.”

“This photo shows me in Świder in 1930 with my brother, Léon, fifteen months younger than I.”

“Father was bold and Mother was cautious. They never shouted at each other but argued constantly about strategy, and they taught me very early that before taking big risks, one must carefully figure the odds.”

“Mother sobbed and I am still ashamed.”

“My high level of self-confidence had its roots at home.”

“They reestablished themselves, only to be ruined a third time by the Depression, a fourth by World War II, and a fifth and final time by a nonpolitical event, Father’s cancer.”

“Like Poincaré and Hadamard, and Isaac Newton long before them, Szolem viewed mathematics as almost real, but with a crucial difference. They were fascinated by profound issues of physics and the actual world, but Szolem was not.”

“Like many social customs, it could be defied, but at a cost: not being part of a system of patronage that is pervasive in intellectual and professional groups.”